Aug 8, 2019 · The following example illustrates how to incorporate these details into a variation of the personal communication citation. You might include more information or different information …

Parenthetically cite the communicator's name, the phrase "personal communication," and the date of the communication in your main text. Note: Personal communications are cited within the text of your …

Nov 6, 2020 · When citing a personal communication in your text, you only need to give the person’s initials and last name, the words “personal communication,” and the date of the communication in …

Nov 19, 2025 · Interviews and emails are considered personal communications in APA style. Personal communications should receive in-text citations in the body of your paper or assignment, but should …

Dec 5, 2025 · Use in-text citations to cite Personal communications. No entry in the reference list is needed as personal communications are unable to be retrieved.

Oct 21, 2025 · Because personal communication cannot be recovered, only cite personal communication within the text of the paper. Do not include a reference within the reference list.

Apr 8, 2024 · How do you cite personal communication in APA? In APA, cite personal communication in-text only, using the communicator’s initials and last name, the words “personal communication,” and …

You do not need to use a personal communication citation or provide a reference list entry because you do not need to cite personal information. This also applies to whakataukī / whakataukii that have …

Nov 27, 2025 · Because readers cannot retrieve the information in personal communications, personal communications are not included in the reference list; they are cited in the text only.

Aug 12, 2025 · Personal communications are not included in the reference list. The elements required to cite personal communications are the name of the communicator, a personal communication note, …