When evaluating shrinking metal linewidths in advanced semiconductor devices, bulk resistivity is not the sole materials property for deriving electrical resistance. At smaller line dimensions, local ...

Conductivity and resistivity are widely used parameters for water purity analysis, monitoring of reverse osmosis, cleaning procedures, control of chemical processes and in industrial wastewater.

Steps taken to enhance copper conductivity by adding carbon nanotubes. Test results for conductivity, current-carrying capacity, and tensile strength. We know that copper (Cu) fortunately combines ...