Background Ankle sprain is among the most frequent sports injuries and a significant contributor to time lost from sports participation. The injury mechanism is traditionally described as an inversion ...

The subtalar joint, mediating motion between the talus and calcaneus, is fundamental to foot function, contributing to both stability and adaptability during gait. Its biomechanics involve a complex ...

Departments of Sports Medicine, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Orthopedics, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey Correspondence to: Dr Aydog Department of Sports Medicine, ...