Many ecological systems are subject critical transitions, which are abrupt changes to contrasting states triggered by small changes in some key component of the system. Temporal early warning signals ...
The COV= option must be specified to compute an approximate covariance matrix for the parameter estimates under asymptotic theory for least-squares, maximum-likelihood, or Bayesian estimation, with or ...
The estimated covariance matrix of the parameter estimates is computed as the inverse Hessian matrix, and for unconstrained problems it should be positive definite. If the final parameter estimates ...