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space.com
https://www.space.com/how-did-universe-elements-fo…
How did the universe's elements form? | Space
We all know the universe contains a vast array of elements, ranging from light gases, such as helium, to heavy metals, like lead. But where did all of the elements come from?
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britannica.com
https://www.britannica.com/science/How-Was-the-Uni…
How Was the Universe Created? - Encyclopedia Britannica
The most widely accepted explanation for the origin of the universe is the big-bang theory, which proposes that the universe began approximately 13.8 billion years ago in an extremely hot, dense state and has been expanding and cooling ever since.
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scienceabc.com
https://www.scienceabc.com/nature/universe/where-d…
Origin Of Elements In The Universe: Where Did The Elements Come From?
Two Helium atoms fuse to give carbon, which then fuses with another helium to create oxygen, which this goes on to make all the elements on the periodic table up to Silicon, except for Boron and Beryllium, which are not formed in a star, but are instead formed by cosmic fission.
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astronomy.com
https://www.astronomy.com/science/the-universes-gu…
How elements are made inside stars - Astronomy Magazine
Some of the universe’s elements are forged in the nuclear furnaces at the cores of stars.
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sciencenotes.org
https://sciencenotes.org/nucleosynthesis-how-eleme…
Nucleosynthesis – How Elements Are Made
Learn about nucleosynthesis including Big Bang and stellar nucleosynthesis and other processes that make elements.
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lbl.gov
https://www2.lbl.gov/abc/wallchart/chapters/10/0.h…
Origin of the Elements - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Approximately 15 billion years ago the universe began as an extremely hot and dense region of radiant energy, the Big Bang. Immediately after its formation, it began to expand and cool. The radiant energy produced quark-antiquarks and electron-positrons, and other particle-antiparticle pairs.
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nasa.gov
https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/questions/co…
Imagine the Universe!
The field of nucleosynthesis studies how the elements were created, and it draws from a wide range of studies, from the Big Bang to the formation and evolution of our solar system.
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opticalmechanics.com
https://www.opticalmechanics.com/stellar-nucleosyn…
Stellar Nucleosynthesis: How Stars Forge the Elements
Heavier elements were not built in significant quantities during BBN because the rapidly expanding, cooling universe lacked the conditions for sustained fusion beyond these light nuclei. Stellar nucleosynthesis, by contrast, operates over stellar lifetimes, reaching much higher densities and temperatures in stellar cores and explosive sites.
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libretexts.org
https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Saint_Marys_Co…
1.2: The Origin of Elements - Chemistry LibreTexts
Here, you will read about how elements are created, and you will review nuclear reactions, atomic particles, and isotope notation. The Big Bang is the currently accepted theory of the early development of the universe.
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sciencelearn.org.nz
https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/1727-how…
How elements are formed - Science Learning Hub
As the cloud of cosmic dust and gases from the Big Bang cooled, stars formed, and these then grouped together to form galaxies. The other 86 elements found in nature were created in nuclear reactions in these stars and in huge stellar explosions known as supernovae.